- Early 1800s, Ramdutt Goenka arrived in Kolkata, from Dhunlod in Rajasthan. He started as a banker and then became a successful agent for the British business houses.
- Mid 1800s, Ramdutt Goenka was assisted by his son Ramkissendas to form a company active in jute and tea.
- Ramakissendas’s son, Ramchandra, built a pilgrims’ shelter near Kalighat temple, which today houses Mother Teresa’s Nirmal Hriday.
- In early 1900s, the fourth generation, Sir Badridas Goenka and Sir Hariram Goenka were knighted by the Emperor of India for their contribution to business and society.
- Soon after India's independence, the Goenkas crossed into manufacturing by acquiring Octavius Steel from a company moving out of India.
- In 1951, the Goenkas picked up a stake in Duncan Brothers, a trading company that owned substantial holdings in jute and tea.
- In 1957, Keshav Prasad Goenka became the Chairman of Duncan Brothers.
- Keshav Prasad transitioned the group’s business from trading to industry acquisitions in textiles, power, cables and engineering and started a carbon black company.
- In 1963, he retained Duncan Brothers as his inheritance, while another branch of the family inherited Octavius Steel.
- In 1979, Keshav Prasad Goenka split his business empire amongst his three sons, Rama Prasad, Jagadish Prasad and Gouri Prasad.
- Rama Prasad Goenka established RPG Enterprises in 1979 with Phillips Carbon Black, Asian Cables, Agarpara Jute and Murphy India as the constituents.
- The Group acquired CEAT Tyres India in 1981.
- In 1982, it went on to acquire KEC International, the transmission tower maker, and in 1983, the drug company, Searle India, now known as RPG Life Sciences.
- The tyre giant Dunlop India was acquired in 1984 from Dunlop Holdings, UK.
- The Group acquired a stake in the drug firm Bayer in 1985 and the iconic music company Gramophone Company of India Ltd, erstwhile known as HMV, in 1986.
- In 1988, Harrisons Malayalam, the tea and rubber plantations and ICIM (International Computers Indian Manufacture) were acquired.
- In 1989, the acquisitions included CESC, the power company, Raychem Technologies, the advanced materials firm, and Spencer’s, the retail company.
- Remington Rand, the typewriter-maker, was acquired in 1990.
- In 1993, Noida Power Company Limited (NPCL) was formed as a JV between the Group and Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority, to distribute power in the Greater Noida region.
- The Group ventured into music retailing with Music World in 1997.
- The Group entered into media with the launch of Open Magazine, a weekly current affairs and features magazine, in 2009.
- Au Bon Pain Cafe was set up in the same year, as the Indian counterpart of the Boston, bakery and café chain.
- The Mundra Unit, a green field project of PCBL was commissioned in October 2009.
- The Group’s businesses were divided between Rama Prasad Goenka's sons, Harsh and Sanjiv.
- RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group was founded on 13th July 2011, with Dr Sanjiv Goenka as its Chairman.
DR RP Goenka has been regarded very highly for his keen business acumen and his expertise in strategic takeovers. But he has stated that he always did his business dealings more with his heart than his mind.
"I have never looked at the balance sheet of any company I took over. It was pure gut-feel and I never went wrong. The moment I ignored the gut reaction, I made a mistake."